University of the State of Santa Catarina

1. INTRODUCTION

The evaluation of the pupil, always was something that defied and stimulated professors, in the fetching of that really perceives the real situation of the learning of the pupil. In its definition of learning evaluation, Bloom, Hastings and Madaus, stand out that the evaluation process includes a great variety of evidences that go beyond the traditional final examination pencil and paper. In actual lessons, beyond the formal mechanisms, the professors also use some backing mechanisms as the comment of the face expression of the pupil, the participation in lesson, questions that strengthen the presented material, etc. Of this form, the professor will be able to make smoothings in its procedures of education and to observe the evolution of the pupil.

In the long-distance Education (EAD), the professors are leaving of side the backing mechanisms, that could, the spite of the pitch, to provide elements for a fuller and including evaluation with the pupil. What normally he occurs, it is the use only of the formal mechanisms of evaluation not only in function of the inexistence of accessible mechanisms that can assist it in this work, but also, because many professors if has accomodated and used only the traditional methods of evaluation.

However, thanks to evolution of the area of networks of computers, especially the Internet, the professors had started to have to its disposal mechanisms, that can break to fill this gap. Tools that they supply information, with which the professors will be able to have one better accompaniment of the pupils, without that with this have a significant increase in its activities are examples of that dispoível. can be become.

The use of the Internet as the way of transmission of the information in the EAD, possesss the following advantages in the EAD:

• Distribution of the knowledge in wide scale;
• Reduction of the distribution costs, therefore for the Internet does not have costs of printing and carrier;
• The corrections and updates are well simpler, therefore they are carried through in an only site, being immediately disponibilizado to all the users of the Internet;
• Diverse techniques of education and evaluation are possible, such as text, pictures, communication between professors, professors and pupils, and between pupils;
• The Internet facilitates the colaborativa writing;
• The pupil has more easiness in giving to its feedback.

The relevance of this subject if consolidates from the moment where, she is clearly that it is through the way as the professor leads the evaluation, one of the main forms to prove it seriousness and the credibility of a course, this is proven still more in a system of EAD, that it demands, for its proper nature, a bigger accompaniment of the evolution of the pupil.
 
 

2. THE STRUCTURES FOR THE EVALUATION

This evolution in the area of networks of computers, had a direct effect in the form as some universities, as the Open University of England and the University of the Iowa in the United States, have disponibilizado some courses currently, and searched forms to use the half electronic to assist in the attainment of information to evaluate the pupil. The number of education institutions that use the WWW magnifies to each year, however many based educational materials in the Web, in this includes it evaluation, still is being developed using technologies this side of that if it has available.

They also exist today, available in the market, a gamma of systems that they aim at to fill this necessity, bringing, through the Internet, detailed information more on the evolution of the pupil in elapsing of the course. The world-wide level CyberQ, WebCT and AulaNet can be detached.

Donald Kirkpatrick, developed a model of evaluation, used in training programs that offer to elements for the ampler design of one processode evaluation. It recommends a division of the process of evaluation in four levels:

• Level 1 - Reaction: in this level the satisfaction of the pupil with the learning process is measured;
• Level 2 - Learning: it determines if new knowledge and abilities had been assimilated;
• Level 3 - Behavior: he verifies if the pupil is applying what he learned
• Level 4 - Result: it determines if the objectives of the learning had been reached.

3. THE COMPONENTS FOR THE EVALUATION

Based in this necessity of the systems of long-distance Education, a set of mechanisms was identified that they provide to the professor, backing tools that they can monitor the situation of the learning of the pupil, placing to its disposal information that come to indicate as it is the participation of the pupil in the course, and its performance in the developed activities. *** TRANSLATION ENDS HERE ***

Os seguintes mecanismos, para auxiliar na avaliação do aluno foram selelcionados no presente trabalho:

• Ferramenta de consenso: baseado na técnica Delphi, pretende-se montar um ambiente, via Internet, onde o professor poderá apresentar uma questão instigadora, e através das respostas e posterior posicionamento dos alunos sobre as colocações, obter, de forma organizada, as melhores definições. Esta é uma maneira de classificar os alunos, não apenas por proporcionarem as respostas consideradas melhores, como pela participação neste tipo de mecanismo;
• Rastreamento: o registro de cada passo que é dado pelo aluno (página que acessou, data e hora) é importante pois permite ao professor monitorar o progresso do aluno no curso. As informações coletadas, deverão ser apresentadas de forma que professor possa ter a noção exata do andamento do curso, no que tange a maneira com que o aluno tem participado do curso, mostrando assim que tipo de acesso o aluno tem feito (unidades visitadas, ferramentas utilizadas, etc), bem como o tempo gasto com o acesso desses;
• Controle do fluxo de informações: para que as ferramentas de comunicação que são mais acessadas atualmente (correio eletrônico, salas de chat e listas de discussão) possam ser utilizadas em um processo de avaliação, elas devem ter registradas informações referentes a sua utilização, isto com relação a quantidade e qualidade da informação trocada. Para o serviço de e-mail, por exemplo, o registro do número de bytes transferidos, número de mensagens enviadas e recebidas, etc. Para as salas de chat, pode-se ter algumas salas, ou alguns momentos específicos, onde toda informação trocada seja registrada, guardando-se o autor de cada idéia. Para a lista de discussão pode-se ter registrado todas as perguntas/respostas dadas pelos alunos;
• Ferramenta de votação: procurando fornecer uma ferramenta, onde o professor poderá obter uma feedback rápido dos alunos sobre determinado assunto, buscando a reação do aluno ao que vem sendo apresentado, e onde através destas colocações o professor poderá rever a forma de apresentar o curso. Também será através desta que o aluno fará sua auto-avaliação.

O trabalho proposto descreverá uma forma de implantação desta proposta..