A Flowchart

Header and

checksum valid?

Decrement TTL;

TTL >= 0?

If route is available,

search for MAC

address in ARP

cache

Build new packet with

MAC address and

route packet through

port found in routing

table.

Received ARP reply,

insert MAC and IP

address into

ARP table

NO

YES

YES

YES

NO

NO

Packet Received

Route

found?

Default route

available?

Discard original

packet

Send ICMP

error message

to originator

YES

NO

MAC address

found?

Route Table lookup based on

destination address

Send ARP request

and wait for a

response

Received

ARP

Reply?

YES

NO

NO

YES

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